Directorios

MATEMÁTICA

 

	El legado de las matemáticas: de Euclides a Newton, los genios a traves de sus libros
		Universidad de Sevilla. Esta exposición «...constituyó sin duda una de las actividades culturales más relevantes de cuantas se programaron en España para conmemorar el año 2000 como Año Mundial de las Matemáticas. En ella se expusieron una importante colección de manuscritos y libros impresos, en sus ediciones más significativas, primeras ediciones, ediciones princeps, etc. de las obras que han marcado el devenir de las Matemáticas desde los griegos hasta finales del siglo XVII; junto a otras obras no menos importantes del pensamiento y cultura humanas relacionados en mayor o menor medida con las Matemáticas.» España

	Evangelista Torricelli
		Institute and Museum of History of Science. Edited by Egidio Festa. «There are four different lines of research evident in the works of Torricelli, which cover almost all the subjects treated by Galileo, with the exception of astronomy. In the first - Geometry - Torricelli obtained remarkable results, in particular the quadrature of the cycloid curve and the cubature of the hyperboloid of revolution (acute hyperbolic solid). He was the first to use "curved indivisibles", contributing in this way to the "method of indivisibles" introduced into geometry by Bonaventura Cavalieri. The close scientific collaboration between the two outstanding mathematicians, also extremely close friends, is documented by a rich scientific correspondence. The second direction of research, to maintain this system of classification, consists of the application of geometry to the study of motion. The barometric experiment, which led to the invention of the mercury barometer, and the development of techniques for producing telescope lenses are two final directions of research in which Torricelli demonstrated an ability comparable to that of a skilled artisan.» Italia

	Jules Henri Poincaré
		Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Biblioteca ETSEIB. Fons Històric de Ciència i Tecnologia. «Quan Poincaré (1854 - 1912) inicia la seva activitat com a matemàtic, aquesta es troba dins un procés de desenvolupament que no té parangó en els segles anteriors. A continuació i sense cap ànim d'exhaustivitat, es donen, a manera de recordatori, alguns trets significatius de la matemàtica i l'època en què visqué Poincaré: 1854 Henri Poincaré neix a Nancy, França, el segon any del Segon Imperi sota el mandat de Napoleó III. Riemann presenta Über die Hypothesen welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen (Sobre les hipòtesis subjacents als fonaments de la Geometria), on dóna la definició de les avui anomenades "Superfícies de Riemann" i aquest mateix any també dóna les condicions perquè una funció sigui, tal com es diu avui, "Integrable Riemann".» España Francia

	La storia del calcolo infinitesimale attraverso i libri della biblioteca matematica
		Università degli Studi di Firenze. Dipartimento di Matematica "Ulisse Dini". Italia

	Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia
		«Um lugar para adultos e crianças não apenas contemplar peças, mas participar de forma lúdica dos processos da ciência e tecnologia. O Museu pretende ainda promover a melhoria da formação de professores com apoio e incentivo às Licenciaturas em Ciências e Matemática e permite a atualização e aperfeiçoamento de docentes já formados. Professores e estudantes, principalmente de primeiro e segundo graus, encontram neste museu uma boa dose de estímulo para a investigação científica.» Brasil

	The Geometry of War, 1500-1750
		Museum of the History of Science, Oxford. «The mathematicians of the Renaissance applied their geometry to all manner of practical disciplines - from navigation and surveying to cartography and perspective. They aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of geometry as well as its ingenuity and certainty, and to associate it with action, achievement and progress. Many new instruments were designed in this context, as the collections of this museum amply demonstrate. Developments in the art of warfare in the late 15th and 16th centuries provided another outlet for geometry, and the mathematicians were quick to respond by devising techniques, designing instruments and writing books. Heavy guns manufactured in single metal castings were longer, capable of more accurate fire, and were adjustable in elevation. Consequently, gunners needed instruments to measure both the inclination of the barrel and the distance to the target, together with a means of relating these two measurements. Geometers offered a variety of solutions to these problems, as well as designs for fortifications to withstand attack from the new artillery.» Reino Unido

	The Measurers: a Flemish Image of Mathematics in the Sixteenth Century
		Museum of the History of Science, Oxford. «The exhibition was centered around a very unusual and important painting in the Museum's collection, known simply as 'The Measurers'. The painting depicts a range of practical activities, foremost among them mathematical instrument making, and is used in the context of the exhibition both as a starting point for a discussion of the practical mathematics movement of Renaissance Europe and as a means of organizing the display of a large number of scientific instruments, texts and other related objects.» Reino Unido

	The Noble Dane: Images of Tycho Brahe
		Museum of the History of Science, Oxford. «Tycho himself, perhaps more than any other mathematician of his time, fashioned his own image, through the account of his observatory published in the Astronomiae instauratae mechanica of 1598 and 1602, through other publications printed on his own presses, and through his instruments.» Reino Unido

	UBA- Museo Interactivo de Matemática
		Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. «El MateUBA Museum fue ideado y diseñado durante el año 1997 por el Profesor Leonard Echagüe de la FADU (Facultad de Arquitectura Diseño y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Buenos Aires). Descripciones y conceptos matemáticos utilizados para el diseño de máquinas tales como la de Moebius y la de probabilidades de Galton.» Argentina

	Un ponte sul Mediterraneo. Leonardo Pisano, la scienza araba e la rinascita della matematica in Occidente
		Il giardino di Archimede. Un museo per la matematica. Università degli Studi di Firenze. Dipartimento di Matematica "Ulisse Dini". «Alla fine del XII secolo Guglielmo della famiglia dei Bonacci, notaio del Comune di Pisa, condusse con sé il figlio Leonardo alla dogana di Bugia nel Maghreb, e lì lo mandò a prendere lezioni di aritmetica e abaco. Per il giovanissimo Leonardo fu la scoperta di una vocazione alla quale dedicò il resto della sua vita. Appresa quanta matematica poteva durante numerosi viaggi ai quali forse dovette l'appellativo di Bigollo in tutto il mondo arabo mediterraneo, Leonardo Fibonacci la travasò al suo ritorno a Pisa in una serie di opere che per alcuni secoli restarono senza pari nell'Occidente cristiano: più ampie ed elementari il Liber Abaci e la Practica geometriae, più concise e avanzate il Flos, il Liber quadratorum e l'Epistola ad Magistrum Theodorum.» Italia

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